Shamir, Yitzhak

Shamir, Yitzhak

Born 1915 in Ruzinoy, a village in eastern Poland. Moved to Palestine in 1935, joining Irgun in 1937. Involved in several attacks against civilians. In 1940, Shamir joined Lehi (Stern Gang), becoming one of its 3 commanders in 1942 on Stern's death. Twice arrested for his activities by the British (1941, 1946 when imprisoned in Eritrea following Lehi's killing of Lord Moyne) but escaped both times, and fled to France in 1946. Returned when Israel was established, and worked for Mossad from 1955 (acted as an agent in Europe) until 1965. Then left to run a mattress factory. Joined Herut in 1969, and elected to Knesset in 1973. Elected chairman of Herut's party executive Mar. 1975, and became speaker of the Knesset from 1977. Opposed the Camp David Accords, but was still appointed foreign minister from Mar. 1980, a position he retained in Likud's 2nd government from 1981. Prime Minister from 10 Oct. 1983 with Begin's resignation. Held rotating premiership under the Unity government (from 1984, as Prime Minister from Oct. 1986), and as sole Prime Minister from 1988. Lost elections in 1992, and resigned as leader of Likud in 1993.