The state of Palestine

The state of Palestine























Declaration of the State of Palestine


A declaration of a "State of Palestine" was approved on November 15, 1988, by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). The proclaimed "State of Palestine" is not an independent state, as it has never had sovereignty over any territory. Moreover, the declaration was ignored, and eventually rejected, by the State of Israel. Israel controls the territories since 1967 Six-Day War when it captured them from Egypt and Jordan.
Currently, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) envision the establishment of a State of Palestine to include all the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem, living in peace with Israel under a democratically elected and transparent government. The PNA, however, does not claim sovereignty over any territory and therefore is not the government of the "State of Palestine" proclaimed in 1988.
The 1988 declaration was approved at a meeting in Algiers, by a vote of 253-46, with 10 abstentions. The declaration invoked the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and UN General Assembly Resolution 181 in support of its claim to a "State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem". The proclaimed "State of Palestine" was recognized immediately by the Arab League, and about half the world's governments recognize it today. It maintains embassies in these countries (which are generally PLO delegations). The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United Nations, although the European Union, as well as most member states, maintain diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority, established under the Oslo Accords.
The declaration is generally interpreted to have recognized Israel within its pre-1967 boundaries, or was at least a major step on the path to recognition. Just as in Israel's declaration of establishment, it partly bases its claims on UN GA 181. By reference to "resolutions of Arab Summits" and "UN resolutions since 1947" (like SC 242) it implicitly and perhaps ambiguously restricted its immediate claims to the Palestinian territories and Jerusalem. It was accompanied by a political statement that explicitly mentioned SC 242 and other UN resolutions and called only for withdrawal from "Arab Jerusalem" and the other "Arab territories occupied." Yasser Arafat's statements in Geneva a month later were accepted by the United States as sufficient to remove the ambiguities it saw in the declaration and to fulfill the longheld conditions for open dialogue with the United States.
The Palestinian National Charter of 1964 stated "This Organization does not exercise any territorial sovereignty over the West Bank in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, on the Gaza Strip or in the Himmah Area."
Capital Jerusalem (proclaimed) ,Ramallah (currently)
Official languages : Arabic
Declaration of Independence : November 15, 1988
President : Mahmoud Abbas (2005-)
Prime Minister : Ismail Haniya (2006)

Continue lendo

Palestine Maps


Palestine - Gaza Strip and the West Bank


Proposed Palestine state



Continue lendo

AL aqsa tour 3


AL aqsa tour 3


Site 31 - Al-Bosari Water Fountain


Al-Bosari Water Fountain

Build Year : 839 Higri 
Build by : Sultan Bersbay


Site 32 - Dome of Al-Ashaq


Dome of Al-Ashaq

Continue lendo

AL aqsa tour 2

AL aqsa tour 2


Site 16 - Cotton Merchant Gate

Cotton Merchant Gate

Build Year: 733 Higri
Build by: Sultan Al-Nasser Mohammed Bin Qalawoun
Continue lendo

AL aqsa tour 1

AL aqsa tour 



Site 01 - AL-Aqsa Mosque

AL-Aqsa Mosque
AL-Aqsa Mosque
AL-Aqsa Mosque
AL-Aqsa Mosque
AL-Aqsa Mosque

Build Year : 19 Higri
Build by : Khalefa Omar Bin Al-Katab
Reparation
year : 90 - 96 Higri
Repaired by : Khalefa Abdul Malik Bin Marwan



Site 02 - Dome of the Rock Mosque
Continue lendo

The western wall

The western wall





This is the western wall of Al-Aqsa Mosque , Jewish and Israel assumed that this is all that is left of the ancient Jewish Temple destroyed by the Romans nearly 2,000 years ago.

Continue lendo

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre






he Christian Quarter is dominated by the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is where, according to ancient Christian tradition, Jesus was crucified and buried. For centuries, millions of Christian pilgrims have come here from all over the world. The church was originally built in the 4th century by the Emperor Constantine, who made Christianity the religion of the Roman Empire.

Continue lendo

Christian quarter

Christian quarter





The many churches of the Christian Quarter reflect the complexity of Jerusalem's Christian community, numbering 4,700 people.

Continue lendo

Armenian quarter

Armenian quarter






The Armenians were the first nation to embrace Christianity, in the year 301 C.E.

The Armenian community in Jerusalem flourished during Crusader times, which is when they built the magnificent Church of St. James.

Continue lendo

The Arab souk

The Arab souk





No trip to Jerusalem is complete without a visit to the Arab market, or souk.


The souk runs through both the Christian and Muslim Quarters in a maze of crowded streets, some of them hidden from the sun by buildings that date back to Crusader days.



Continue lendo

General View

General View




This is a General view and sites inside the Islamic part of Jerusalem

Continue lendo

Dome of the Rock

Dome of the Rock




The Dome of the Rock is one of the oldest shrine of the Islamic world, built by the Caliph Abd al-Malik at the end of the 7th century C.E.

Continue lendo

Al-Aqsa Mosque

Al-Aqsa Mosque



Five times a day you can hear the voice of the Muezzin calling the faithful to prayer. The Al-Aqsa Mosque is The oldest extant Islamic monument and one of the largest in the world and is located adjacent to the Muslim quarter on the al-Haram al-Sharif

Continue lendo

Muslim Quarter

Muslim Quarter





The Muslim Quarter, the largest and most densely populated of the Old City's four quarters, is home to 20,000 Muslim residents of Jerusalem.

Continue lendo

Old City Map

Old City Map




The Old City of Jerusalem has been divided into four residential quarters: Muslim, Armenian, Jewish, and Christian. This division originated with the desire of four religious groups to live close to their holiest sites : the Church of St. James for Armenians, the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque for Muslims and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which contains the tomb of Jesus, for the Christians

Continue lendo

Jerusalem OLD City Walls and Gates

Jerusalem OLD City Walls and Gates


Jerusalem has been a walled city forever, with various conquerors tearing down the walls and rebuilding them, always out of stone. To this very day, in fact, all new buildings in Jerusalem must be built from Jerusalem stone.

The walls of Jerusalem have eight gates: Zion Gate, Jaffa Gate, New Gate, Damascus Gate, Herod's Gate, Lions Gate, Golden Gate, and Dung Gate, where in ancient times they used to take out the garbage. The Golden Gate, in the eastern wall of the city, was sealed up in the Crusader Period

Continue lendo

Holy Sites in Palestine


The history of Jerusalem

Al-Aqsa Mosque - Dome of the Rock Mosque

Al-Aqsa MosqueDome of the rock


For more than thirteen hundred years Al Aqsa has been venerated throughout the Muslim world as the third holiest site of Islam. It was to this that the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, made his Night Journey from the Masjid al-Haram in Makkah. It was from this site that he, peace and blessings be upon him, ascended on the Mi'raj, his journey through the heavens to his Lord.

For thirteen hundred years Al-Aqsa has dominated the skyline and the life of the Holy City. For more than thirteen centuries it was a centre of pilgrimage for Muslims from all over the world. For the past twenty years, its very existence has been threatened.

In 638 Jerusalem's thousand years of recurrent religious persecution, intolerance and oppression, were brought to an abrupt halt: Omar ibn al-Khattab, the Second Khalif of Islam, entered al-Quds.

Eager to be rid of their Byzantine overlords and aware of their shared heritage with the Arabs, the descendants of Ishmael, as well as the Muslims' reputation for mercy and compassion in victory - the people of Jerusalem handed over the city after a brief siege.

They made only one condition: That the terms of their surrender be negotiated directly with the Khalif Omar in person.

Omar entered Jerusalem on foot . There was no bloodshed. There were no massacres.

Those who wanted to leave were allowed to, with all their goods. Those who wanted to stay were guarantee protection for their lives, their property and places of worship.

It is related that Omar asked Sophronius, the city patriarch, to take him to the sanctuary of David, as soon as he was through writing the terms of surrender. They were joined by four thousand of the Companions of the Prophet.



Al-Aqsa And The Dome Of The Rock

When they reached the area of the Noble Sanctuary they found it covered in rubbish . Omar proceeded to the west of the sanctuary and unfurled his cloak. He filled it with debris. Those with him did likewise. They disposed of it and returned, again and again, until the whole area where Al-Aqsa Mosque now stands was cleared.

The entire area of the al-Haram al-Sharif, the Noble Sanctuary, included more than 35 acres. The great rock, site of the Prophet's ascension to heaven on the Night Journey, peace and blessings be upon him, and direction of the first qibla, lay in the centre.

The rock was uncovered and the ground purified. It was suggested that the Muslims pray to the north of the rock, to include it in the Qibla when facing south toward Makkah. But Omar rejected this idea, and possible future confusion, by praying to the south of the rock, at the southernmost wall of the Noble Sanctuary.

A huge timber mosque which held three thousand worshipers was erected on this site, the site of the present Aqsa Mosque.

Fifty years later, near the end of the 7th century, it was given to the Umayyad Khalif, Abdul Malik ibn Marwan, to construct one of the world's most beautiful and enduring shrines over the rock itself. Highlighting the skyline of Jerusalem, and the memories of all that visit, the Dome of the Rock is a tribute to the Muslims love and respect for this site.

After completion of the Dome of the Rock, construction began on the site of the original timber mosque at the south end of the Sanctuary. A vast congregational mosque, accommodating over 5,000 worshipers, rose up. It became known as Masjid al-Aqsa (al-Aqsa Mosque) , although, in reality, the entire al-Haram al-Sharif is considered Al-Aqsa Mosque, its entire precincts inviolable.

The next five centuries of Muslim rule were characterized by peace, justice and prosperity. The Noble Sanctuary became a great centre of learning, scholars came from all over the world to worship at Al-Aqsa and to study and teach within its precincts





Western Wall - Claimed Jews Site in Jerusalem

Western Wall

This is the western wall of Al-Aqsa Mosque , Jewish and Israel assumed that this is all that is left of the ancient Jewish Temple destroyed by the Romans nearly 2,000 years ago.

All the archaeological researches shows that this wall are from the Islamic ages and have nothing to do with the assumed Jewish Temple.

There is a number of archaeological researches published in Jews Media and University shows this facts 





Holy Sepulchre - Christian Site in Jerusalem

Holy Sepulchre


The tomb in which Jesus was buried and the name of the church built on the traditional site of his Crucifixion and burial. According to the Bible, the tomb was close to the place of Crucifixion , and so the church was planned to enclose the site of both cross and tomb.

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre lies in the northwest quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. Constantine the Great first built a church on the site. It was dedicated about AD 336, burned by the Persians in 614, restored by Modestus . In the 12th century the crusaders carried out a general rebuilding of the church. Since that time, frequent repair, restoration, and remodelling have been necessary. The present church dates mainly from 1810.

This site has been continuously recognized since the 4th century as the place where Jesus died, was buried, and rose from the dead. Whether it is the actual place, however, has been hotly debated. It cannot be determined that Christians during the first three centuries could or did preserve an authentic tradition as to where these events occurred. Members of the Christian Church in Jerusalem fled to Pella about AD 66, and Jerusalem was destroyed in AD 70. Wars, destruction, and confusion during the following centuries possibly prevented preservation of exact information. Another question involves the course of the second north wall of ancient Jerusalem. Some archaeological remains on the east and south sides of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre are widely interpreted to mark the course of the second wall. If so, the site of the church lay just outside the city wall in the time of Jesus, and this could be the actual place of his Crucifixion and burial. No rival site is supported by any real evidence.

Various Christian groups, including the Greek, Roman, Armenian, and Coptic churches, control parts of the present church and conduct services regularly





Cave of Mach-pelah - Jews Site in Hebron


At Hebron, Abraham purchased the cave of Mach-pelah as a burial place for his wife, Sarah, from Ephron the Hittite , this became a family sepulchre.


Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, with their wives Sarah, Rebekah, and Leah, were buried in the cave






Al-Haram al-Ibrahimi - Islamic Site in Hebron

Al-Haram Al-Ibrahimi

The Cave of Mach-pelah is surmounted by a large mosque, al-Haram al-Ibrahimi . After the Six-Day War (1967), Israel partitioned the mosque by force in to a Mosque and a Jewish service area, since then Jewish services are held in the cave and Muslim pray in the upper mosque which remains the exclusive property of the Muslims





Church of Nativity - Christian Site in Bethlehem

Church of Nativity


The site of the Nativity of Jesus was identified by St. Justin Martyr, a 2nd century Christian apologist, as a manger in "a cave close to the village", the cave, now under the name of the Church of the Nativity in the heart of the town, has been continuously venerated by Christians since then. St. Helena (c. 248-c. 328), mother of the first Christian Roman emperor (Constantine I), had a church built over the cave; later destroyed, it was rebuilt in substantially its present form by Emperor Justinian (reigned 527-565). The Church of the Nativity is thus one of the oldest Christian churches extant. Frequent conflicts have arisen over the jurisdiction of various faiths at the sacred site, often incited by outside interests; thus, for example, the theft, in 1847, of the silver star marking the exact traditional locus of the Nativity was an ostensible factor in the international crisis over the Holy Places that ultimately led to the Crimean War (1854-56). The church is now divided between the Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Armenian Orthodox faiths











Continue lendo

quick timeline


quick timeline


1900
Theodore Herzl
Zionism established



1916
Sykes-Picot Agreement
Britain and France





1917
Arthur J. Balfour
Balfour Declaration




1918
Jews immigration





1919
Palestinian National Conference




1922
League of Nations
issued the mandate on Palestine





1929
large-scale riots
rocked Jerusalem





1936
6 Month Strike




1937
Peel Commission
recommend the partition





1939
Jews immigration




1947
UN partition
plan




1948
Proclaim of Israel





1948
1'st Arab
Israeli War




1948
After the war




1948
Palestinian Refugees




1954
Gamal Abdal Nasser
takes charges




1956
Great Britain, France and Israel attack Egypt
which just nationalized the Suez Canal




1956
Kufr Qasim Massacre





1958
Syria and Egypt
merger in to the United Arab Republic




1964
PLO established
Revolution began




1967
The Six-Day War




1967
After the war




1967
Palestinian Refugees





1967
Khartoum Summit




1969
Arafat become PLO Chairman




1972
Munich Olympics




1973
The October War




1973
After the war




1974
Arafat Address U.N.




1978
Camp David
Egyptian-Israeli peace



1979
Thousands of Russian
Jews emigrated to Israel




1981
Sadat assassinated




1982
Israel launched an
invasion of Lebanon




1982
PLO leave Beirut




1982
Sabra and Shatila Massacre





1985
Falasha Ethiopian Jews
airlift to Israel




1987
Intifada started



1988
Proclaim of Palestine state



1988
Jordan gave up
the West Bank



1991
Madrid conference




1993
Rabin and Arafat signed
OSLO I peace agreement



1994
Gaza-Jericho



1994
Rabin and Hussein singed
a peace agreement



1994
Araft won Nobel for peace




1994
Hebron mosque Massacre



1994
Arafat returns to Gaza



1995
First Palestinian election


1995
Rabin assassinated



1996
Arafat elected
as PNA president




1998
Israel and PNA singed
the Wye Memorandum



2000
Camp David talks



2000
Al-Aqsa Intifada
fire



2001
Taba Talks



2001
Abu Ali Mustafa assassination



2002
Arab Peace at beirut summit



2002
Palestinian cities under attacke



2002
Church of Nativity siege




2002
Jenine Camp massacre



2002
Israeli apartheid separation wall



2003
Abu Shanab assassinated




2003
Arab Summit in Sharm el-Shaik





2003
Red Sea summit in Aqaba



2004
Shaik Yassin Assassinated



2004
Rantisi Assassinated



2004
Marwan Barghouti in Jail





2004
Presioners strike




2004
Arafat died



2005
Share el-Shaik summit



2005
Gaza diengagement Plan




2006
Hamas in government



2006
Family of 8 members killed in Gaza beatch




2006
Israel-Gaza confilict




2006
Lebanon July war



2006
Qana2 Massacre



2006
Beit Hanoun Massacre




Continue lendo
 

History Of Palestine Copyright © 2011 | Template design by O Pregador | Powered by Blogger Templates